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// Copyright (c) 2019-2024 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.
module complex
import math
pub struct Complex {
pub mut:
re f64
im f64
}
// complex returns a complex struct with the given `real` and `imaginary` values
pub fn complex(real f64, imaginary f64) Complex {
return Complex{real, imaginary}
}
// To String method
pub fn (c Complex) str() string {
mut out := '${c.re:.6f}'
out += if c.im >= 0 { '+${c.im:.6f}' } else { '${c.im:.6f}' }
out += 'i'
return out
}
// Complex Modulus value
// mod() and abs() return the same
pub fn (c Complex) abs() f64 {
return math.hypot(c.re, c.im)
}
// mod returns the modulus value of `c`
pub fn (c Complex) mod() f64 {
return c.abs()
}
// Complex Angle
pub fn (c Complex) angle() f64 {
return math.atan2(c.im, c.re)
}
// Complex Addition c1 + c2
pub fn (c1 Complex) + (c2 Complex) Complex {
return Complex{c1.re + c2.re, c1.im + c2.im}
}
// Complex Substraction c1 - c2
pub fn (c1 Complex) - (c2 Complex) Complex {
return Complex{c1.re - c2.re, c1.im - c2.im}
}
// Complex Multiplication c1 * c2
pub fn (c1 Complex) * (c2 Complex) Complex {
return Complex{(c1.re * c2.re) + ((c1.im * c2.im) * -1), (c1.re * c2.im) + (c1.im * c2.re)}
}
// Complex Division c1 / c2
pub fn (c1 Complex) / (c2 Complex) Complex {
denom := (c2.re * c2.re) + (c2.im * c2.im)
return Complex{((c1.re * c2.re) + ((c1.im * -c2.im) * -1)) / denom, ((c1.re * -c2.im) +
(c1.im * c2.re)) / denom}
}
// Complex Addition c1.add(c2)
pub fn (c1 Complex) add(c2 Complex) Complex {
return c1 + c2
}
// Complex Subtraction c1.subtract(c2)
pub fn (c1 Complex) subtract(c2 Complex) Complex {
return c1 - c2
}
// Complex Multiplication c1.multiply(c2)
pub fn (c1 Complex) multiply(c2 Complex) Complex {
return Complex{(c1.re * c2.re) + ((c1.im * c2.im) * -1), (c1.re * c2.im) + (c1.im * c2.re)}
}
// Complex Division c1.divide(c2)
pub fn (c1 Complex) divide(c2 Complex) Complex {
denom := (c2.re * c2.re) + (c2.im * c2.im)
return Complex{((c1.re * c2.re) + ((c1.im * -c2.im) * -1)) / denom, ((c1.re * -c2.im) +
(c1.im * c2.re)) / denom}
}
// Complex Conjugate
pub fn (c Complex) conjugate() Complex {
return Complex{c.re, -c.im}
}
// Complex Additive Inverse
// Based on
// http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Extras/ComplexPrimer/Arithmetic.aspx
pub fn (c Complex) addinv() Complex {
return Complex{-c.re, -c.im}
}
// Complex Multiplicative Inverse
// Based on
// http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Extras/ComplexPrimer/Arithmetic.aspx
pub fn (c Complex) mulinv() Complex {
return Complex{c.re / (c.re * c.re + c.im * c.im), -c.im / (c.re * c.re + c.im * c.im)}
}
// Complex Power
// Based on
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers/multiplying-and-dividing-complex-numbers-in-polar-form/a/complex-number-polar-form-review
pub fn (c Complex) pow(n f64) Complex {
r := math.pow(c.abs(), n)
angle := c.angle()
return Complex{r * math.cos(n * angle), r * math.sin(n * angle)}
}
// Complex nth root
pub fn (c Complex) root(n f64) Complex {
return c.pow(1.0 / n)
}
// Complex Exponential
// Using Euler's Identity
// Based on
// https://www.math.wisc.edu/~angenent/Free-Lecture-Notes/freecomplexnumbers.pdf
pub fn (c Complex) exp() Complex {
a := math.exp(c.re)
return Complex{a * math.cos(c.im), a * math.sin(c.im)}
}
// Complex Natural Logarithm
// Based on
// http://www.chemistrylearning.com/logarithm-of-complex-number/
pub fn (c Complex) ln() Complex {
return Complex{math.log(c.abs()), c.angle()}
}
// Complex Log Base Complex
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/summaryops.htm
pub fn (c Complex) log(base Complex) Complex {
return c.ln().divide(base.ln())
}
// Complex Argument
// Based on
// http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ComplexArgument.html
pub fn (c Complex) arg() f64 {
return math.atan2(c.im, c.re)
}
// Complex raised to Complex Power
// Based on
// http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ComplexExponentiation.html
pub fn (c Complex) cpow(p Complex) Complex {
a := c.arg()
b := math.pow(c.re, 2) + math.pow(c.im, 2)
d := p.re * a + (1.0 / 2) * p.im * math.log(b)
t1 := math.pow(b, p.re / 2) * math.exp(-p.im * a)
return Complex{t1 * math.cos(d), t1 * math.sin(d)}
}
// Complex Sin
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) sin() Complex {
return Complex{math.sin(c.re) * math.cosh(c.im), math.cos(c.re) * math.sinh(c.im)}
}
// Complex Cosine
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) cos() Complex {
return Complex{math.cos(c.re) * math.cosh(c.im), -(math.sin(c.re) * math.sinh(c.im))}
}
// Complex Tangent
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) tan() Complex {
return c.sin().divide(c.cos())
}
// Complex Cotangent
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Trigonometric_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) cot() Complex {
return c.cos().divide(c.sin())
}
// Complex Secant
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Trigonometric_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) sec() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c.cos())
}
// Complex Cosecant
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Trigonometric_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) csc() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c.sin())
}
// Complex Arc Sin / Sin Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/summaryops.htm
pub fn (c Complex) asin() Complex {
return complex(0, -1).multiply(complex(0, 1).multiply(c).add(complex(1, 0).subtract(c.pow(2)).root(2)).ln())
}
// Complex Arc Consine / Consine Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/summaryops.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acos() Complex {
return complex(0, -1).multiply(c.add(complex(0, 1).multiply(complex(1, 0).subtract(c.pow(2)).root(2))).ln())
}
// Complex Arc Tangent / Tangent Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/summaryops.htm
pub fn (c Complex) atan() Complex {
i := complex(0, 1)
return complex(0, 1.0 / 2).multiply(i.add(c).divide(i.subtract(c)).ln())
}
// Complex Arc Cotangent / Cotangent Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acot() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c).atan()
}
// Complex Arc Secant / Secant Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) asec() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c).acos()
}
// Complex Arc Cosecant / Cosecant Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acsc() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c).asin()
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Sin
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) sinh() Complex {
return Complex{math.cos(c.im) * math.sinh(c.re), math.sin(c.im) * math.cosh(c.re)}
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Cosine
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) cosh() Complex {
return Complex{math.cos(c.im) * math.cosh(c.re), math.sin(c.im) * math.sinh(c.re)}
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Tangent
// Based on
// http://www.milefoot.com/math/complex/functionsofi.htm
pub fn (c Complex) tanh() Complex {
return c.sinh().divide(c.cosh())
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Cotangent
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) coth() Complex {
return c.cosh().divide(c.sinh())
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Secant
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) sech() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c.cosh())
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Cosecant
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) csch() Complex {
return complex(1, 0).divide(c.sinh())
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Sin / Sin Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) asinh() Complex {
return c.add(c.pow(2).add(complex(1, 0)).root(2)).ln()
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Consine / Consine Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acosh() Complex {
if c.re > 1 {
return c.add(c.pow(2).subtract(complex(1, 0)).root(2)).ln()
} else {
one := complex(1, 0)
return c.add(c.add(one).root(2).multiply(c.subtract(one).root(2))).ln()
}
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Tangent / Tangent Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) atanh() Complex {
one := complex(1, 0)
if c.re < 1 {
return complex(1.0 / 2, 0).multiply(one.add(c).divide(one.subtract(c)).ln())
} else {
return complex(1.0 / 2, 0).multiply(one.add(c).ln().subtract(one.subtract(c).ln()))
}
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Cotangent / Cotangent Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acoth() Complex {
one := complex(1, 0)
if c.re < 0 || c.re > 1 {
return complex(1.0 / 2, 0).multiply(c.add(one).divide(c.subtract(one)).ln())
} else {
div := one.divide(c)
return complex(1.0 / 2, 0).multiply(one.add(div).ln().subtract(one.subtract(div).ln()))
}
}
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Secant / Secant Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
// For certain scenarios, Result mismatch in crossverification with Wolfram Alpha - analysis pending
// pub fn (c Complex) asech() Complex {
// one := complex(1,0)
// if(c.re < -1.0) {
// return one.subtract(
// one.subtract(
// c.pow(2)
// )
// .root(2)
// )
// .divide(c)
// .ln()
// }
// else {
// return one.add(
// one.subtract(
// c.pow(2)
// )
// .root(2)
// )
// .divide(c)
// .ln()
// }
// }
// Complex Hyperbolic Arc Cosecant / Cosecant Inverse
// Based on
// http://www.suitcaseofdreams.net/Inverse__Hyperbolic_Functions.htm
pub fn (c Complex) acsch() Complex {
one := complex(1, 0)
if c.re < 0 {
return one.subtract(one.add(c.pow(2)).root(2)).divide(c).ln()
} else {
return one.add(one.add(c.pow(2)).root(2)).divide(c).ln()
}
}
// Complex Equals
pub fn (c1 Complex) equals(c2 Complex) bool {
return c1.re.eq_epsilon(c2.re) && c1.im.eq_epsilon(c2.im)
}
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import math
import math.complex as cmplx
fn tst_res(str1 string, str2 string) bool {
if (math.abs(str1.f64() - str2.f64())) < 1e-5 {
return true
}
return false
}
fn test_complex_addition() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(0, -10)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-40, 8)
mut result := c1 + c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-40, -2))
c1 = cmplx.complex(-71, 2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(88, -12)
result = c1 + c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(17, -10))
c1 = cmplx.complex(0, -30)
c2 = cmplx.complex(52, -30)
result = c1 + c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(52, -60))
c1 = cmplx.complex(12, -9)
c2 = cmplx.complex(32, -6)
result = c1 + c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(44, -15))
}
fn test_complex_subtraction() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(-8, 0)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(6, 30)
mut result := c1 - c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-14, -30))
c1 = cmplx.complex(-19, 7)
c2 = cmplx.complex(29, 32)
result = c1 - c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-48, -25))
c1 = cmplx.complex(12, 0)
c2 = cmplx.complex(23, 13)
result = c1 - c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-11, -13))
c1 = cmplx.complex(-14, 3)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0, 14)
result = c1 - c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-14, -11))
}
fn test_complex_multiplication() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(1, 2)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(1, -4)
mut result := c1 * c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(9, -2))
c1 = cmplx.complex(-4, -4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-5, -3)
result = c1 * c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(8, 32))
c1 = cmplx.complex(4, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-2, -5)
result = c1 * c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(12, -28))
c1 = cmplx.complex(2, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(4, -4)
result = c1 * c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(0, -16))
}
fn test_complex_division() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(-9, -6)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-3, -2)
mut result := c1 / c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(3, 0))
c1 = cmplx.complex(-23, 11)
c2 = cmplx.complex(5, 1)
result = c1 / c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-4, 3))
c1 = cmplx.complex(8, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-4, 1)
result = c1 / c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-2, 0))
c1 = cmplx.complex(11, 24)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-4, -1)
result = c1 / c2
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(-4, -5))
}
fn test_complex_conjugate() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(0, 8)
mut result := c1.conjugate()
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(0, -8))
c1 = cmplx.complex(7, 3)
result = c1.conjugate()
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(7, -3))
c1 = cmplx.complex(2, 2)
result = c1.conjugate()
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(2, -2))
c1 = cmplx.complex(7, 0)
result = c1.conjugate()
assert result.equals(cmplx.complex(7, 0))
}
fn test_complex_equals() {
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(0, 8)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0, 8)
assert c1.equals(c2)
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 19)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-3, 19)
assert c1.equals(c2)
}
fn test_complex_abs() {
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(3, 4)
assert c1.abs() == 5
c1 = cmplx.complex(1, 2)
assert c1.abs() == math.sqrt(5)
assert c1.abs() == c1.conjugate().abs()
c1 = cmplx.complex(7, 0)
assert c1.abs() == 7
}
fn test_complex_angle() {
// Test is based on and verified from practice examples of Khan Academy
// https://www.khanacademy.org/math/precalculus/imaginary-and-complex-numbers
mut c := cmplx.complex(1, 0)
assert c.angle() * 180 / math.pi == 0
c = cmplx.complex(1, 1)
assert c.angle() * 180 / math.pi == 45
c = cmplx.complex(0, 1)
assert c.angle() * 180 / math.pi == 90
c = cmplx.complex(-1, 1)
assert c.angle() * 180 / math.pi == 135
c = cmplx.complex(-1, -1)
assert c.angle() * 180 / math.pi == -135
cc := c.conjugate()
a := cc.angle()
assert a + c.angle() == 0
}
fn test_complex_addinv() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-5, -7)
mut result := c1.addinv()
assert result.equals(c2)
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(3, -4)
result = c1.addinv()
assert result.equals(c2)
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1, 2)
result = c1.addinv()
assert result.equals(c2)
}
fn test_complex_mulinv() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.067568, -0.094595)
mut result := c1.mulinv()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
println(c2.str())
println(result.str())
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.12, -0.16)
result = c1.mulinv()
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.2, 0.4)
result = c1.mulinv()
assert result.equals(c2)
}
fn test_complex_mod() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut result := c1.mod()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert tst_res(result.str(), '8.602325')
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
result = c1.mod()
assert result == 5
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
result = c1.mod()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert tst_res(result.str(), '2.236068')
}
fn test_complex_pow() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-24.0, 70.0)
mut result := c1.pow(2)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(117, 44)
result = c1.pow(3)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-7, -24)
result = c1.pow(4)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_root() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(2.607904, 1.342074)
mut result := c1.root(2)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.264953, 1.150614)
result = c1.root(3)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.068059, -0.595482)
result = c1.root(4)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_exp() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(111.889015, 97.505457)
mut result := c1.exp()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.032543, -0.037679)
result = c1.exp()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.153092, -0.334512)
result = c1.exp()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_ln() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(2.152033, 0.950547)
mut result := c1.ln()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.609438, 2.214297)
result = c1.ln()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.804719, -2.034444)
result = c1.ln()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_arg() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(2.152033, 0.950547)
mut result := c1.arg()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert tst_res(result.str(), '0.950547')
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.609438, 2.214297)
result = c1.arg()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert tst_res(result.str(), '2.214297')
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.804719, -2.034444)
result = c1.arg()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert tst_res(result.str(), '-2.034444')
}
fn test_complex_log() {
a := cmplx.complex(11.22, 33.44)
b := cmplx.complex(55.66, 77.88)
c := a.log(b)
assert c.re.eq_epsilon(0.8032210844549097)
assert c.im.eq_epsilon(0.10605953671930149)
}
fn test_complex_cpow() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut r1 := cmplx.complex(2, 2)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(11.022341, -0.861785)
mut result := c1.cpow(r1)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
r1 = cmplx.complex(-4, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.118303, 0.063148)
result = c1.cpow(r1)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
r1 = cmplx.complex(8, -9)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.000000, 0.000007)
result = c1.cpow(r1)
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_sin() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-525.794515, 155.536550)
mut result := c1.sin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-3.853738, -27.016813)
result = c1.sin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-3.165779, -1.959601)
result = c1.sin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_cos() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(155.536809, 525.793641)
mut result := c1.cos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-27.034946, 3.851153)
result = c1.cos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(2.032723, -3.051898)
result = c1.cos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_tan() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-0.000001, 1.000001)
mut result := c1.tan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.000187, 0.999356)
result = c1.tan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.033813, -1.014794)
result = c1.tan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_cot() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-0.000001, -0.999999)
mut result := c1.cot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.000188, -1.000644)
result = c1.cot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.032798, 0.984329)
result = c1.cot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_sec() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.000517, -0.001749)
mut result := c1.sec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.036253, -0.005164)
result = c1.sec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.151176, 0.226974)
result = c1.sec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_csc() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(-0.001749, -0.000517)
mut result := c1.csc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.005174, 0.036276)
result = c1.csc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.228375, 0.141363)
result = c1.csc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_asin() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.617064, 2.846289)
mut result := c1.asin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.633984, 2.305509)
result = c1.asin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.427079, -1.528571)
result = c1.asin()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_acos() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.953732, -2.846289)
mut result := c1.acos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(2.204780, -2.305509)
result = c1.acos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.997875, 1.528571)
result = c1.acos()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_atan() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(1.502727, 0.094441)
mut result := c1.atan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-1.448307, 0.158997)
result = c1.atan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-1.338973, -0.402359)
result = c1.atan()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_acot() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.068069, -0.094441)
mut result := c1.acot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.122489, -0.158997)
result = c1.acot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.231824, 0.402359)
result = c1.acot()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_asec() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(1.503480, 0.094668)
mut result := c1.asec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.689547, 0.160446)
result = c1.asec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.757114, -0.396568)
result = c1.asec()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_acsc() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.067317, -0.094668)
mut result := c1.acsc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.118751, -0.160446)
result = c1.acsc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.186318, 0.396568)
result = c1.acsc()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_sinh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(55.941968, 48.754942)
mut result := c1.sinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(6.548120, -7.619232)
result = c1.sinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.489056, -1.403119)
result = c1.sinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_cosh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(55.947047, 48.750515)
mut result := c1.cosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-6.580663, 7.581553)
result = c1.cosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.642148, 1.068607)
result = c1.cosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_tanh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.999988, 0.000090)
mut result := c1.tanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-1.000710, 0.004908)
result = c1.tanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-1.166736, 0.243458)
result = c1.tanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_coth() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(1.000012, -0.000090)
mut result := c1.coth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.999267, -0.004901)
result = c1.coth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.821330, -0.171384)
result = c1.coth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_sech() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.010160, -0.008853)
mut result := c1.sech()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.065294, -0.075225)
result = c1.sech()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.413149, -0.687527)
result = c1.sech()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_csch() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.010159, -0.008854)
mut result := c1.csch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.064877, 0.075490)
result = c1.csch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(0.221501, 0.635494)
result = c1.csch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_asinh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(2.844098, 0.947341)
mut result := c1.asinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-2.299914, 0.917617)
result = c1.asinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-1.469352, -1.063440)
result = c1.asinh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_acosh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(2.846289, 0.953732)
mut result := c1.acosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(2.305509, 2.204780)
result = c1.acosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(1.528571, -1.997875)
result = c1.acosh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_atanh() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.067066, 1.476056)
mut result := c1.atanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.117501, 1.409921)
result = c1.atanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.173287, -1.178097)
result = c1.atanh()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_acoth() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.067066, -0.094740)
mut result := c1.acoth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.117501, -0.160875)
result = c1.acoth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.173287, 0.392699)
result = c1.acoth()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
// fn test_complex_asech() {
// // Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
// mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5,7)
// mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.094668,-1.503480)
// mut result := c1.asech()
// // Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
// assert result.str() == c2.str()
// c1 = cmplx.complex(-3,4)
// c2 = cmplx.complex(0.160446,-1.689547)
// result = c1.asech()
// // Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
// assert result.str() c2.str()
// c1 = cmplx.complex(-1,-2)
// c2 = cmplx.complex(0.396568,1.757114)
// result = c1.asech()
// // Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
// assert result.str() == c2.str()
// }
fn test_complex_acsch() {
// Tests were also verified on Wolfram Alpha
mut c1 := cmplx.complex(5, 7)
mut c2 := cmplx.complex(0.067819, -0.094518)
mut result := c1.acsch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-3, 4)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.121246, -0.159507)
result = c1.acsch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
c1 = cmplx.complex(-1, -2)
c2 = cmplx.complex(-0.215612, 0.401586)
result = c1.acsch()
// Some issue with precision comparison in f64 using == operator hence serializing to string
assert result.str() == c2.str()
}
fn test_complex_re_im() {
c := cmplx.complex(2.1, 9.05)
assert c.re == 2.1
assert c.im == 9.05
}